PCBA is the abbreviation of Printed Circuit Board Assembly in English, that is to say, the empty PCB board passes through the SMT upper part, or the whole process of DIP plug-in. PCB is the support of electronic components and the provider of circuit connections for electronic components. Printed circuit board assembly is the finished product of pcb board. After some parts are assembled on the PCB, printed circuit board assembly is made. Printed circuit board assembly is a processing process, which can also be understood as a finished circuit board.

The difference between printed circuit board assembly and PCB

1. Different functions

PCB can make a program that cannot run independently become a unit that runs independently. The excellent circuit design of printed circuit board assembly can achieve good circuit performance and heat dissipation performance.

2. Essentially different

Printed circuit board assembly generally refers to a processing process, which can also be said to be a finished circuit board, that is, the PCB is completed after processing. A pcb is an empty printed circuit board.

Printed Circuit Board Assembly Parameters

The performance parameters of printed circuit board assembly are closely related to the manufacturing process of PCB and the design requirements of PCB designers. Among the many PCB parameters, the main influence on the placement process is its geometric size parameters, mainly including the flatness and flatness of the entire PCB. The influence of PCB manufacturing tolerances and surface treatment of PCBs.

1. Flatness

The characteristics and manufacturing process of printed circuit board assembly are formed by bonding and crimping layer by layer. There will be stress during the manufacturing process, and the material and thickness of the pad layer and the electrical isolation layer in the middle are different, so the coefficient of thermal expansion is also different. Therefore, during the packaging and transportation process, the PCB may undergo plastic deformation, bending (Bow) or twisting (Twist), and the degree of plastic deformation is related to the thickness and area of the PCB and whether its layer design is symmetrical.

The allowable value of PCB bending and twisting is 0.75% of the PCB length L, which is (L×0.75%) mm, but the maximum cannot exceed 3.175 mm. If the flatness exceeds the allowable range, the shape of the fiducial in the camera will change. For example, the shape of the standard circle fiducial in the camera will become an ellipse, which will cause the center distance reading between the fiducials to change, which will affect the position of the component pad on the PCB relative to the reference point may directly cause component misalignment. In addition, warpage during printed circuit board assembly patch processing will cause the component to slide against the solder paste on the pad during the pressing process, or squeeze the solder paste at the bottom of the component away, thereby forming solder beads or causing bridge short circuits between adjacent components.

2. The influence of manufacturing tolerances

The manufacturing tolerance of the PCB will also have an impact on the placement quality, which is mainly reflected in the contour and position deviation of the fiducial. As for other errors on the PCB, such as the manufacturing tolerance of the via hole, it will directly affect the post-soldering The electrical performance of the printed circuit board assembly, but this has little effect on the placement machine.

3. Surface treatment

The impact of surface treatment on printed circuit board assembly placement is mainly reflected in the coverage of fiducials. It can mainly affect whether the vision system can accurately and quickly identify fiducials. The important principle is that the solder mask cannot cover the fiducial and the auxiliary resolution area around it.

Printed Circuit Board Assembly Application

3C products such as computers and related products, communication products and consumer electronics are the main application fields of printed circuit board assembly. The biggest demand comes from smartphones and notebook computers, and other products with very significant sales include digital cameras, LCD TVs and other products. The medical instruments printed circuit board assembly continues to make significant contributions throughout the medical field. Printed circuit board assemblies are used here not only as electrical appliances but also as equipment for monitoring/observation, diagnosis and treatment. The use of printed circuit board assemblies throughout the medical field is growing rapidly, opening up new possibilities. Most medical devices contain printed circuit board assembly, and some of the most common applications of printed circuit board assembly in the medical field include:

• Monitors: Monitoring equipment such as blood pressure, heart rate, and blood sugar monitors are composed of printed circuit board assembly components. 

• The Medical Instruments: printed circuit board assemblies are used in medical equipment such as control systems, electron microscopes, and compressors.

• Scanning equipment: CT scanners, X-ray screens and ultrasound scans are made up of printed circuit board assembly components.

Consumer Electronics Components

Consumer electronics include the everyday devices we use, such as computers, smart watches, and tablets. Even the latest models of refrigerators are on the printed circuit board assembly list of electronic components. In each of these PCBA electronic components there is a printed circuit board assembly. Printed circuit board assembly boards are widely used in consumer electronic components.

• Computer electronics: Laptops and desktops contain printed circuit board assemblies in their cores, as do the peripherals and screens associated with them.

• Mobile Devices: Tablets and smartphones are used every day. They act as an alarm clock for GPS devices and contain the printed circuit board assembly inside.

• Recording equipment: Digital cameras, microphones and video cameras, and other recording equipment rely on the practical functions of the printed circuit board assembly.

• Home and Entertainment Equipment: Alarm clocks, coffee makers, DVD players, and televisions all use printed circuit board assembly electronic components.

Motor Vehicle/Automotive Use

The new automotive industry is now characterized by cars relying on a multitude of electronics and computer printed circuit board assembly assemblies that provide more functionality. A few years ago, cars consisted of a few electronic circuits, but that's not the case today. The following are some important applications of printed circuit board assembly in automobiles/vehicles:

• Proximity monitors: Most of the latest model cars include built-in sensing devices that help drivers judge distance and monitor blind spots. These systems rely on the printed circuit board assembly for the actual functionality.

• Media Equipment: Hyundai cars have advanced dashboards that are able to connect to media or radio players. All of these use printed circuit board assemblies.

• Navigation: Navigation systems are increasingly integrated into cars. These systems rely on the printed circuit board assembly to achieve the desired functionality.

• Control Systems: Advanced vehicle control systems such as fuel regulators, power supplies, and engine management all rely on printed circuit board assemblies. All of these are necessary to monitor and manage almost all parts of the vehicle.

Industrial Equipment/Components

Almost all industries rely on high power devices to control the mechanisms needed for production and manufacturing. Likewise, these printed circuit board assemblies must be able to withstand some of the harshest conditions, such as rapid vibration, harsh chemicals, and rough handling. Industrial components also rely on printed circuit board assemblies to function.

• Power equipment: Power inverters, such as DC-AC, power control equipment, and solar concentration equipment, etc., require a printed circuit board assembly to operate.

• Measuring equipment: printed circuit board assemblies are incorporated in equipment used to measure and control temperature and pressure during the manufacturing process.

• Industrial Components: Most presses and drills used in manufacturing run on printed circuit board assembly controlled electronics.

light

More recently, printed circuit board assemblies have provided a common basis for all applications of high-output LED devices. On closer inspection, LED lighting appears to be popular and highly regarded for its low power consumption, excellent light output, and high efficiency. Even better, their versatility increases most when they are integrated with a printed circuit board assembly. The printed circuit board assembly has recently promoted the greater use of LED lighting solutions, especially in areas such as indicators and displays. Some of the important applications of printed circuit board assemblies throughout the lighting industry include: computer technology field: printed circuit board assembly-based LEDs can be used in the computer technology field, mainly for laptop and desktop monitors.

Aerospace Components/Equipment

Just like automotive applications, many aerospace devices require a printed circuit board assembly to function as intended. Printed circuit board assemblies are essential in powering aerospace components such as rockets, jets and other equipment used here. The main aerospace applications of printed circuit board assembly boards include:

• Test equipment: PCB and printed circuit board assembly are required for aircraft development and testing. Test equipment collects data during such processes and consists of a printed circuit board assembly.

• Monitoring equipment: The functionality of equipment such as pressure sensors, accelerometers, microphones, and pressure sensors is dependent on the printed circuit board assembly. These components are used in the cockpits and engines of rockets and aircraft to monitor vehicle functions and communicate with ground controls.

Safety and security equipment plays a vital role, yet it is surprising how many people are unaware that such equipment requires a printed circuit board assembly to function as intended. Both safety and security equipment have printed circuit board assembly at their core. To work effectively as intended, these security video devices must rely on PCBs and printed circuit board assemblies. The defense industry Throughout the defense space, there are a lot of devices that are purely printed circuit board assembly driven. Almost all tools used in this industry operate under extreme or harsh conditions and the PCBs and printed circuit board assemblies used in them should be able to withstand these conditions.

Other uses

Printed circuit board assemblies are also used in a large number of electronic devices across many industries.